Drying tile



[May 17,11927`. 1,629,151

C. B. CUSHWA DRYING TILE 1 Filed Feb. 1o, 192e I 2 sheets-sheen fig 1Fig 2 l i l""-"*"}B I l 1 1 f S1, 1 7S l 1 l l l i i ,l 1 B 4d. `1 i ,4.2 ,fJ j LL -JJ 1 2 INVENTOR May 17, 1927. l

I 1,629,151 c. B. cUsHwA DRYING TILE Filed Feb. 1o. v192e; 2sheets-shew- 2 l INVENTOR It'obe highly satisfactoryin the manufacturePatented May 17, 1927.

f aimerasV B. oUsw; or YouNGs'lrowN, onto, Ass'IGNoRromi'ngcoivrivrnitoren i SHEARING- & -sTiaMrING ooMrANr,` or ofiresrown.oH1o,a A ConroRArroir or oma Appiiatibn filed rebmary 1o, 192e.seriarNo. 87,271. 2

y"This inventionrelates tow the drying of tile, and'particularlytoanimproved method of ydrying' green sewer 5 tile so 'as 'to ymateriallyyreduce the time of drying andi' also raise .the vquality of theproductproducedQ ,VThe invention also .contemplates lanwimpr'oved forni of jdryingV board lwhich has been found -of sewer title.4` I

In the 'manufacturer of *sewer* tile',V `the Vgreen ltile usuallyk'comes vvout 'of thejnold with the bell downward. It is caught'on amoldboard ,which is,l of course, larger vthan Vthe outside diameter ofthe bell. The worklmen' then Aplace a dryingY board 'on-theftop zof thetile, and turn it over so that the tile issuluoorted 'on the ,dryingboard with the bell'up'.` Thegreen tiles are'plac'ed in drying roomswhich are'usuaflly three tove stories high. Theftilesare placed fairlyclosely on each 'floor and the floors are made -of "wood slatsto permitcirculation of dryingfcurrents throughthe drying room. "Heat isliberated in the basements ofth'ese buildings and rises'up through they's'latted floors; being taken'ofiby ventilators inthe roof. It has j'permitting also provide' an'opening through the drylngf heretofore beencustomary tov userectangular Wooden boards made up of cleats-which allowsomeairto come up through the board itself.' Thesey boards arerectangular,y andas they are usually placedl very close together 'on theflow ofi air to suchf'an extent'thatthe dryy ing is frequently.interferedwith' to avery undesirable extent.

I providea drying board of substantially the saine "contourfa'sf thesewertile whichfit 'is adapted to supporti v tiles are circular, i 4willlbe circular; v`Even if the Vboards are Y laced in contact with oneVanother there will Y board Wherebythe-airjisfreeto passcen` 'dft-rally. throughthe .tile itself. This is ad` 'vantageous becauseitpermits drying on Fthe A"inside and outsideof th'e'tilefto'fproceed,at;` substantially,'the'l same rate, thereby elmn-'f Anatingunevenv shrlnkage 'and reducing the erc'entage of imperfect J tfileIVithy the old styleV vre Generally-the sewer f and therefore theVboards tangular woodeni boards the drying V progielsses from the topsubstantially,prevent-air circulation-mear .v v` `the severalfioorsofthe drying room andv very materially reduce thai-.vertical".dra'ft.l'llhisditcultyis' overcome r`by my improed om.. ...'A

very seriousl objection to the old. style dryingboard is occasioned byits slatted con; f

struction. The hot air comesupthroughgthe space between the 'cracks andYtends. to .crack the tile directly v above l rsucht Yope1'iings'.y-`YThis isV because .the small f portion ofl the tile`-r im-v s *ymediatel y 1 above the openings ',-is soon vdried hard, whereas thedryingbf-the portionof the tilezoyeruthe wooden Slat:.is. retarded.

Thisfis 'entirely 'eliminatedbyf my improved boardsincethe newform ofboard provides a substantially l'uninterrupted supporting surface.A Y f-V 'During'the dryingoperation it=^isffre quentlyIdesirable toturnf-thetilesend for end, vfand l this :involvesl placing a .drying boardontop'of the tile,thenA tilting. the b'ottom kdrying` boardandfzreversingthe tileto fsupport it onf' the irstanenti'onedboard.- InEorder. that-all of ythe boards may be uniform in size, I provideaboard-whichyi's larger i than the bell portion ofa tile and' having anopening therethrough whichfjis smallerthan floor the"vvooden boards` cutYofthe i i in the' tilting operatiom; I providej'a r`flange ontheoutside "of y thel drying yboardand round this off so asto'provide aready grip. '.This flange, as wellras; the flange i which is thelinterior diameter vof .thetilefw'lfo lassist formedmun d. t11efinterior @opening 1150 acts as a stiffener.l i i.

'The boardfispreferably supported on legs which space viii-fromthefiofor of the drying f rooinand thus -materially Vimprove the-airstill be a materialfspa'ce between the boards free flowY ofi/dryingcurrents. I

circulation.t Y. Preferablyj-I gprovidetwo parallel supportingl legs on;the undergsidef of. the

boardwInmusingthe boardsv tha-legs.' are.-- placed" at. substantially'`c li'refction of theloorjslatsl When-itaisde siredto tilt a .tile-for'.turningiitover,v the-10Q l. bottom board maybehtilted :in foin' direc-z*-tions since it inaybe. tiltedaboutieitliellg 'at will or around-theyends ofthetwolegs.` i' A'This isamaterialadvantage.over the old styleboard which could 'baconvenientl'y 'tilted 105 riglitangIes to the`on`ly f in two directions. a

9o l y Preferably, thel legs are placed fairly close together, as thisymakes the boardv a little easier/to tilt, and on a circular ,boardposi` tions the legs at such a pointthat they can be 1ofadefniatelength.` The legs should not projlectbeyond the v(Vlrying boardproper;be-k

cause oneY advantage k'ofi the circular form is that the board can. berolled like a hoop. This frequently saves considerable carrying aroundthe factory. 5 Y

In the accompanying drawings, yillustrating thepresent preferredembodiment of my Y invention as applied tothe inanufactureof Y'circular` sewer tile, 1 1,5

-. sewer tile supported on my improved board Figure l is a sideelevation showing a and with the'belldown;

VFigurei2 is a similar view showing asevverv 'fing' board, fthe-boardbeing turned upsidedown toshow the construction of the legs.

` InY the illustratedembodiment lof the in- ,.vention, there is shown .apallet, `indicated generallyby the reference 'character 2, having asewer tile thereon. The sewer tile (Figl) is shown in the position fromwhich it 'generally issues from the machine, the

bell Vportion B'beingA downwardly. .It will be noted that the board orpallet 2 is somewhat largerV than the bell portion B, and since theboardprovides a substantially uninterrupted. surface the tile isuniformly'and properly supported.

' It -1s customary to invert the'tile Yprior to drying," and this isdone by placing another drying board` or-pallet. on top of the tile asviewed in Figure l, and then tilting the tile preliminary to yturning itentirely over. It will be seen from'Figure l that the board 2 isprovided with Vlegs 3, these Vlegs being rounded on the bottom, and thatit is a relatively simple matter for aworkman to place his Vfingersunder the edge of the drying Y board to tiltthe Ysaine preliminar-y tothe operation of` turningthe tile completely over. Figurek 2 shows thetile in inverted position and lready :for the drying room.

- The floor of the drying room lconsists of l slatsk orV floor boards Fhaving openings O V'therebetween throughk which currents of "warm airare/permitted tol rise to dry the i tiles. 'Figure 3 shows kanumber ofthe dry-y Y v ing'boards inV their position on the drying licor, and itwill be noted lthat they are spaced aparta short distance.V This is de-VY sirable, but isfnot fin any wise essential, since the circular shapeof the drying boards leaves large gaps between them through which thecirculating lair may readily pass.

It will be ,noted-l from Figure 3 that each of the drying boards 2 isprovided with a central opening 4, this opening being somewhat smallerthan the internal. diameter of the tile supported byth'eboard. Theopenings 4 are of value inthat they permit fthe air currents to passthrough the tileand thus permit them to dry inside as rapidly as on theloutside... The legs are preferably placed crosswise of the floor boardsrF as shown;4

They are'efective for supporting the drying boards a short distance off`the floor and thus materially assist.V circulation adjacent the dryingboards. l. .Y o The yconstruction of the drying board isv shown more indetail in Figures 4 to 6, in-l clusive. As there shown, the boardconsists of an annular face 5 adapted to support the tiles. This face ismade of a sheet of is` flanged downwardly on the outside of the board,as indicated at 6, and also adjacent the opening 4, as indicated'at 7.The flanges 6 and 7 materially stiften the drying board, and the flangeG is rounded at the bottom, as indicated at 8, in order to provide lasmooth grip for a workman. This is highly desiri wrought material, suchasl sheet steel, which Y ablein turning-the tiles over whether the. Y

work is donc by one or two men.

The legs 3 of the drying board are preferably held in place by. weldingas, for eX- ample, at the points 9. f l

It will be noted that the legs 3 are placed relatively close togetherinsteadr of being at Vthe eXtreme edges ofV the dryingboard.

This makes a. more'convenient construction,

and also a highly desirable one in practice,

since the legs, while they are of ysutlicient lengthto provide a stablesupport, are contained entirely within the circular outline of thedrying board proper and the drying f4 Y' boards may therefore lbe rolledaround like hoo s. This is of advantage particularlyin the arger'sizcs.The dryingboard maybe conveniently tilted about the legs in any one offour directions. In Figures 6 I have marked points a, Zn, @lando3 on thetwo legs. Itwill be seen kthat theboard may `be tilted readily about aline connectingthe kpoints a,

'5, and c, d, as well as along either one ofthe legs, which isequivalent to tilting the board around a line 5,0, or a line and.

In the oldy style drying boards thecon -I tinuous supporting surfaceprovided by my improved drying board wasnot secured, and

as a result a considerable quantity of the product 'was cracked due touneven drying. This is substantially eliminated bythe improved board.Better drying conditions are the inside and outside proceeds atsubstantially the samerate. The provision of a board havingthe` generalcontour of the tile instead, of being'rectangular makes for yalsoobtained due to the 'fact' that drying on`l better circulation betweenadjacent tiles, andv therefore more rapid drying. In some cases it isdesired to reverse the tiles while they are in the drying room, and thismay be Vreadily done by placing another drying board on top of the tileand tilting the board with the tile thereon, then grasping both dryingboards and turning the tile completely over. This operation ismaterially simplified by the use of my vdrying board,

since provision is madefor supporting eitherl end of the tile'on thesameboard and the vboard may be tilted in any one of four directions. Theterm csewer tile as `used lherein is used as a term of definition andnot of limitation, andV is intended to include conduit tile',ues andthelike. Y

It will be apparent to those skilled in theV art that the drying boardis adapted to haver the shape changed as requiredv for different shapes.For example, `flue linings are free" quently'rectangular or oval, andifdesired, corresponding changes may bemade in the drying boards t'obetter. adapt them to use withV such shapes. Similar pallets are like-,wise adapted to the manufacture of so-called hot tops or feeders4 foringot molds.

The word ring, therefore, as used in the specification and/claims is aword of defif nition .and not limitation, it being equally j descriptiveof a ,true annulus, an oval shaped body or arectangular body.

I have illustrated andv that the invention is not limited .to thedescribed embodiment but maybe otherwise embodied or practiced withinthe scope of the following claims. V

` I claim: j

l. A drying board, comprising a substantially circular supporting memberhaving a central opening therethrough and providing a substantiallycontinuous ring, and a `stiftening flange ron the supporting member, the

flano'e beinvintevral'with the su uortincr- C t5 D 2D member andextending all around the same in asubstantially uninterrupted inani'ierb.2. A drying board, comprising a support? ingV member having an openingtherethrough l lescribed apre-l ferred method and apparatus used incon-v I nection therewith, but it will' be understood' and providing asubstantially supporting ring, and stiifening flanges on the supportingmember adjacent the opening and also on the outer eidgevof thesupporting member.

l3. A. drying board,vcomprising asiipporb continuous ing member havingan opening therethrough and providing ya substantially vcontinuoussupporting ring, stiffening flanges onv the supporting member adjacentthe openingl and'also on the outer edge ,of the supporting member, andlegs for holdingthe supporting Y member spaced from the floor.

4. A drying board, comprisinga-substantially circular-sheet ,metalvsupporting vmember vproviding a substantially continuousv supportingring, a flange on the outside of` the supporting member, and legson thebottom of the supporting ymember. contained entirely within .theflange.'l

metal supportinglmember having an opening '76 5. A drying board-7comprisin'gya sheet therethroughl and providing a substantially.`

` 'coiitinuous supporting. ring, flanges on the outside of the ringandalso adjacent the opening, thebottom of the outer flange beingrounded to provide ya hand hold, andlegs contained within the outerflange for holding ythe' supporting member spaced fromvthe v S0 6. Theinetliodof drying tile whichcomi floor. Y

prises passing drying currents in a vertical direction between the tilesand through the openings thereof 4and shielding thetiles attheirybottoms from directV impingement of tilevwalls. l

7. The method ofy prises passing dryingcurrents ina verticalV the dryingcurrents, only-"over van areavof n f substantially `the samegeneralcontour as lthe drying uit .which com-- direction between thetiles and through the openings thereof and shielding the tiles at` theirbottoms from direct iiipingement of the drying'currents, only over anarea off;

substantially the samefgeneral contour as thev tile walls but 'ofmateriallygreaterv width. Y i l In testimony whereof Iliave hereunto setmy hand.

' CHARLES B. CUSHVVA.`

